Improvement in churns



wwf/5 NVPETERB. FMOTU-LITHOGRAFHER, WASHINGTON. D. C.

To all 'whom it 'may concern A, Westmoreland county, andV State of Pennsylvania',

, ken apart. for cleaning and purifying, and put together head K of the crank F, and the other end is held in steld dtthlire.

A SAMUEL summon YonoeANY, PENNSYLVANIA. r

Letters .Patent .N L 97,820,

dated Decemberl 14, 1869. l

IMPROVEMENT IN cHURNs.

Tl'xe Schedule referred to in these Letters Patentl and making pa'rtAot' the saxxie.

Be it known that I', SAMUEL Sturm-of Yohogany,

Vhave invented a new and usefulv Improvement in Churns; and I hereby declare the following to be a full and complete description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, "in whichy AFigure 1 is a verticallongitudinal section;

VFigure 2 is a plan; y 4 'Figure 3 is a vertical cross-section; l f l Figure 4 is an elevation of one of the racks detached; and d A Figure 5 is a view' of one of thevholding-strips detached. l Like letters refer to the same parts in allthe figures.' i d d loenable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its'construc-- tion and operation.

The nature of my invention is to so arrange thein-Y ternal `parts of the churn as to create the greatest number of counter-currents in the milk, and to break up and derangerall tendency to continuous or circular currents, and, at the samel time, to' cause the butter to collect in one end of the churn as fast as formed, at the same time keeping in view the greatest simplicity and economy in the structure of the churn, andthe necessity of its `heilig readily and quickly ta-` again, so as, at all times,-` to be eastly kept in a cleanly and sweet condition, and to he within the ready-calm prehension and control ot" ordinary dairy-maids and domestics.

The body of the churn consists of a strong watertight'rectaugular box or case, L, of about the proportions shown, and of sizeaccording to the capacit-yiequired. A A 4 Lengthwise through Vthe longest axis of the box, passes a revolving shaft, H, provided with two spiral series of dashers in the form of oblique paddles G G, the faces ,of the dashers being set at an angle of from thirty to forty-tive degrees with the axis of the shaft H.

The'shaft H' is connected, at 'one\end, by a simple clutch, of .any ordinary construction, with the crankplace by, and revolves upon, a centre point upon a thuxnbscrew, fJ. .f

About midway between the shaft H and the sides of the churn, on each side of the shaft,i's placed a vertical rack, composed of horizontal top and bottom.

pieces A E, and slats B B B,vextending the whole length of the churn.

The vvertical slats B B' correspond with the sets of dashers on the shaft, in such order/that a pair of opposte dashers revolves between each pair of slats on both sides of the shaft, the sweep of the dashers extending through and beyond the pla-ue of the rack.

A lThe racks are held securely in place', at the top, by means ofthe notched cross-strips0 G, iig. 5, fitting over and into corresponding notches inthe end of top pieces A, lig. 4. The pieces E maintain theiihottonx of the rack in placevby their bearing against the sidcsvof'tlne. churn, they being made of proper rwidth to just lill the space between thclslats andthc walls ot' the churn, as seen in tig. 3. A u

A close-fitting cover, D, tig. his indicated in dotted outline. A

The operation of the churn .is obvious, being Iilled wi-th milk or cream to a proper height, the shalt ll is bm'skly rotated by means-ot crank 11, or otherwise, and the combined action of thc oblique, spirally-arranged'dashers, and theinterlmaking slats is such as `to produce the most perfect agitation of the milk, all

tendency to form currents beingr effectually prevented, and the butter is therefore produced in the shortest possible time After churning it is absolutely necessary to take the churn apart for the purpose of thoroughly' cleansing and purifyugit, a fact well known to dairymen.

To do this, it is only necessary to slacken the setscrew J, which releases the shaft HL '.lhe racks A' being retained in place by the stripsC without fasteuings, the whole interilalfparts ot' the churn may then be readily lifted out. f

Having thus'described'my invention,

\Vhat I claim=as new, and desire to secure by .heb

` ters Patent, is-

'lhe shaft H, provided with revolving dashers G G, in combination with the racks B B, arranged upon each side of the shaft, and extending from the bottom vto the top of the churn-box A, and .thenotched crossbars G O, all constructed and operating as andforthe purpose set forth. Y Y

' SAMUEL SMITH.

Witnesses C. GREENAWALT, W. W. NEwLoN. 

